Even though binocular integration is a foremost example of integrative computations in the brain, it remains unknown how the visual cortex mediates it. Here, we investigated neuronal responses to binocular stimuli in layers 2/3 of mouse primary visual cortex (V1) and lateromedial (LM) area with in vivo two-photon imaging. We presented mice with three types of binocular stimuli: congruent gratings, orthogonal gratings and a flashing Mondrian pattern in binocular conflict with a grating. We looked for congruency-specific responses to the binocular stimuli, but found that most neurons responded homogeneously across stimulus types. Responses of cells with a strong monocular preference for the contralateral eye responded similarly to monocular and binocular stimulation, while responses of cells with a preference for ipsilateral stimuli showed a strong but nonspecific suppression to all binocular stimuli. Only cells without a strong monocular preference (i.e. binocular cells) exhibited linear integration of monocular responses to incongruent stimuli and binocular facilitation to congruent gratings. Responses to ipsilateral components of a binocular display were found to be poor predictors of binocular responses regardless of eye preference of individual cells. We conclude that most neuronal responses to binocular stimuli in mouse V1 & LM are uninformative about the congruency of the monocular components, with the exception of binocular cells which show either linear or supralinear integration.
Bassler, M., Huis in't Veld, G., Suzuki, M., Pennartz, C.
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