Anatoxin-producing cyanobacteria pose growing ecological and public health risks, yet the genomic organization of anatoxin biosynthesis remains poorly resolved. Using complete genome assembly of a benthic cyanobacterium of the genus Microcoleus, we show that the entire anatoxin biosynthetic gene cluster is encoded on a small circular plasmid rather than the chromosome. This unexpected localization suggests enhanced mobility of anatoxin biosynthesis and has implications for toxin evolution, release, and environmental surveillance.
Gibis, F. M., Rieth, D., Geist, J., Schoenle, A., Bauer, F., Schampera, C., Waldvogel, A.-M.
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