The study was a cross-sectional study done on the Blood Bank Unit of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ebonyi State, Nigeria among blood donors. Methods: The total number of prospective blood donors that were initially screened against HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus was 300, to which, 93 eligible donors were incorporated in the study. Anti-HTLV-1 IgM and IgG antibodies in serum were also tested in the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of data. Results: Out of the 93 blood donors analyzed, 23 (24.6%) were positive for HTLV-1 antibodies. Seropositivity was highest among donors aged 30?35 years, with anti-HTLV-1 IgM and IgG prevalences of 35.3% and 29.4% respectively, compared with lower values in other age groups. Married donors showed higher IgM (32.8%) and IgG (34.1%) seroprevalence than single donors (IgM: 20.3%; IgG: 18.9%). Female donors recorded higher seroprevalence (IgM: 26.0%; IgG: 27.3%) than male donors (IgM: 23.4%; IgG: 22.1%). Occupational distribution showed the highest seroprevalence among artisans (IgM: 37.5%; IgG: 37.5%), followed by students (IgM: 25.7%; IgG: 22.9%), traders (IgM/IgG: 23.8%), and civil servants (IgM: 14.3%; IgG: 19.0%). Variance analysis revealed significant differences among serological patterns (IgG-IgM+, IgG+IgM-, IgG+IgM+, IgG-IgM-), with mean values differing significantly at p ? 0.05. Conclusion: This research has revealed that seroprevalence of HTLV-1 was very high among the blood donors, which indicates that there is the possibility of transfusion-transmitted infection. Routine HTLV-1 screening as the measure to enhance blood safety in the area is important.
ONU, E., ILANG, D., AKPA, C., ONU, E., ORJI, C., OLOGWU, R., OBAJI, E., NOMEH, L.
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